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  1. Liberalism | Definition, History, & Facts | Britannica

    Nov 25, 2025 · This article discusses the political foundations and history of liberalism from the 17th century to the present. For coverage of classical and contemporary philosophical …

  2. Classical liberalism | Definition, Origins, Policies, Neoclassical ...

    Oct 18, 2025 · This article discusses the origins of classical liberalism, its historical instantiations, its contrasts with modern liberalism, and its contemporary revival as neoclassical liberalism or …

  3. Liberalism - Equality, Rights, Democracy | Britannica

    Oct 17, 2025 · Contemporary liberalism remains deeply concerned with reducing economic inequalities and helping the poor, but it also has tried to extend individual rights in new directions.

  4. Liberalism - Equality, Rights, Democracy | Britannica

    Oct 17, 2025 · Liberalism, in strategic alliance with Soviet communism, ultimately triumphed over fascism in World War II, and liberal democracy was reestablished in West Germany, Italy, and …

  5. Liberalism - 19th Century, Reforms, Equality | Britannica

    Oct 17, 2025 · In Great Britain the Whigs had evolved by the mid-19th century into the Liberal Party, whose reformist programs became the model for liberal political parties throughout Europe.

  6. Liberalism - Individualism, Free Markets, Liberty | Britannica

    Oct 17, 2025 · Liberalism - Individualism, Free Markets, Liberty: Although liberal ideas were not noticeable in European politics until the early 16th century, liberalism has a considerable …

  7. liberalism summary | Britannica

    liberalism, Political and economic doctrine that emphasizes the rights and freedoms of the individual and the need to limit the powers of government. Liberalism originated as a defensive …

  8. Liberalism - Rights, Equality, Freedom | Britannica

    Nov 25, 2025 · From the liberal perspective, individuals are not only citizens who share a social contract with each other but also people with rights upon which the state may not encroach if …

  9. Who were the intellectual founders of liberalism? | Britannica

    The intellectual founders of liberalism were the English philosopher John Locke (1632–1704), who developed a theory of political authority based on natural individual rights and the consent of …

  10. Neoliberalism | Definition, Ideology, & Examples | Britannica Money

    Although the terms are similar, neoliberalism is distinct from modern liberalism. Both have their ideological roots in the classical liberalism of the 19th century, which championed economic …